FICTION 110 [M] [WARM-UP] [1] [2] - Classroom A - Classroom BSubjective and Objective PolesThe Spiritual Exercises of St. Ignatius of Loyola applied to reality
constructs in fiction.
The intent of Ignatius was not to develop a method of visualizing and writing
quality fiction, but like many ideas related to living in this world, his
thoughts and exercises can help us become better writers. He saw the importance
in developing our mental cinema to understand our place in the scheme of life.
Unlike many in the 13th and 14th centuries who used images in their cathedrals
to teach the people the story of Christ, Ignatius used textual exercises so that
people could build their own images and understandings. All stories originate
from either an image or text (including words that convert to text). You will also find similar exercises for stimulating the mental cinema in
other religions. Hinduism, for example. is full of wonderfully fantastic imagery
to help their followers visualize their place in the universe. Some, like
certain Southeastern American Indians, found that chewing a little peyote
helped stir the mental cinema. I prefer the textual or visual stimulus
myself. Before I give you my adaptation of the Spiritual Exercises of St. Ignatius of
Loyola, here are a few excerpts translated from the original Latin texts. (Let’s
switch from the term “vantage point” to “point of view” again. Also, it is
important to read the exercises as tools for developing stories ... you may find
it useful to substitute names and positions from the modern world or from your
particular culture and religion.) Using an omniscient POV. First Point. The first Point is, to see the various persons: and first those
on the surface of the earth, in such variety, in dress as in actions: some white
and others black; some in peace and others in war; some weeping and others
laughing; some well, others ill; some being born and others dying, etc. To see and consider the Three Divine Persons, as on their royal throne or
seat of Their Divine Majesty, how They look on all the surface and circuit of
the earth, and all the people in such blindness, and how they are dying and
going down to Hell. He asks us to imagine what they think: Second Point. The second, to hear what the persons on the face of the earth
are saying, that is, how they are talking with one another, how they swear and
blaspheme, etc.; and likewise what the Divine Persons are saying, that is: "Let
Us work the redemption of the Human race," etc.; and then what the Angel and Our
Lady are saying; and to reflect then so as to draw profit from their
words. He asks us to visualize the landscape: Second Prelude. The second, a composition, seeing the place. It will be here
to see with the sight of the imagination the road from Nazareth to Bethlehem;
considering the length and the breadth, and whether such road is level or
through valleys or over hills; likewise looking at the place or cave of the
Nativity, how large, how small, how low, how high, and how it was
prepared. Then, as a contrast, we are asked to lower ourselves to see our
relationship to greater powers: First Point. The first Point is to see the persons; that is, to see Our Lady
and Joseph and the maid, and, after His Birth, the Child Jesus, I making myself
a poor creature and a wretch of an unworthy slave, looking at them and serving
them in their needs, with all possible respect and reverence, as if I found
myself present; and then to reflect on myself in order to draw some profit. Second Point. The second, to look, mark and contemplate what they are saying,
and, reflecting on myself, to draw some profit. Now we move to the five senses: THE FIFTH CONTEMPLATION WILL BE TO BRING THE FIVE SENSES ON THE FIRST AND
SECOND CONTEMPLATION Prayer. After the Preparatory Prayer and the three Preludes, it is helpful to
pass the five senses of the imagination through the first and second
Contemplation, in the following way: First Point. The first Point is to see the persons with the sight of the
imagination, meditating and contemplating in particular the details about them
and drawing some profit from the sight. Second Point. The second, to hear with the hearing what they are, or might
be, talking about and, reflecting on oneself, to draw some profit from it. Third Point. The third, to smell and to taste with the smell and the taste
the infinite fragrance and sweetness of the Divinity, of the soul, and of its
virtues, and of all, according to the person who is being contemplated;
reflecting on oneself and drawing profit from it. Fourth Point. The fourth, to touch with the touch, as for instance, to
embrace and kiss the places where such persons put their feet and sit, always
seeing to my drawing profit from it. And finally, the conflict between two standards: MEDITATION ON TWO STANDARDS The one of Christ, our Commander-in-chief and Lord; the other of Lucifer,
mortal enemy of our human nature. Prayer. The usual Preparatory Prayer. First Prelude. The First Prelude is the narrative. It will be here how Christ
calls and wants all under His standard; and Lucifer, on the contrary, under
his. Second Prelude. The second, a composition, seeing the place. It will be here
to see a great field of all that region of Jerusalem, where the supreme
Commander-in-chief of the good is Christ our Lord; another field in the region
of Babylon, where the chief of the enemy is Lucifer. Third Prelude. The third, to ask for what I want: and it will be here to ask
for knowledge of the deceits of the bad chief and help to guard myself against
them, and for knowledge of the true life which the supreme and true Captain
shows and grace to imitate Him. First Point. The first Point is to imagine as if the chief of all the enemy
seated himself in that great field of Babylon, as in a great chair of fire and
smoke, in shape horrible and terrifying. Second Point. The second, to consider how he issues a summons to innumerable
demons and how he scatters them, some to one city and others to another, and so
through all the world, not omitting any provinces, places, states, nor any
persons in particular. Third Point. The third, to consider the discourse which he makes them, and
how he tells them to cast out nets and chains; that they have first to tempt
with a longing for riches -- as he is accustomed to do in most cases -- that men
may more easily come to vain honor of the world, and then to vast pride. So that
the first step shall be that of riches; the second, that of honor; the third,
that of pride; and from these three steps he draws on to all the other
vices. So, on the contrary, one has to imagine as to the supreme and true Captain,
Who is Christ our Lord. First Point. The first Point is to consider how Christ our Lord puts Himself
in a great field of that region of Jerusalem, in lowly place, beautiful and
attractive. Second Point. The second, to consider how the Lord of all the world chooses
so many persons -- Apostles, Disciples, etc., -- and sends them through all the
world spreading His sacred doctrine through all states and conditions of
persons. Third Point. The third, to consider the discourse which Christ our Lord makes
to all His servants and friends whom He sends on this expedition, recommending
them to want to help all, by bringing them first to the highest spiritual
poverty, and -- if His Divine Majesty would be served and would want to choose
them -- no less to actual poverty; the second is to be of contumely and
contempt; because from these two things humility follows. So that there are to
be three steps; the first, poverty against riches; the second, contumely or
contempt against worldly honor; the third, humility against pride. And from
these three steps let them induce to all the other virtues. The techniques used to building spiritual strength, understanding and the
power to visualize are also useful in creating truth or realism in fiction. We
can also use this exercise to help us build effective hierarchies in our
stories. To illustrate how the hierarchies and POV work together, I have created
an imaginary scene in the 13th century. The idea is to take on the POV of
everyone involved or witnessing the scene to determine who might have the most
interesting POV to work with. Sometimes the best person to tell the story isn’t
the most obvious. You may also find that a combination of POVs will present the
message best. Each of the characters has a very unique POV clouded with personal
agendas. Writing Exercise The setting is in the center of a town in the 13th century. There is a large
crowd circled around the gallows pole at sunrise. Imagine how each of the
following characters is feeling and thinking in a specific moment ... two
minutes before the bottom drops out. For each character, write one, two or three
sentences describing how their POVs are different than the other characters. the condemned man. someone watching from a great distance the executioner the king who condemned the man God Alternative Writing Exercise: Take some or all of the above characters and translate them into modern
people and positions. You may move the scale down to include only people if
you’d like. The scene doesn’t have to be an execution. For example, it could
center around someone about to be fired from a large company or the victim of a
school prank. To read the complete text of The Spiritual Exercises of St. Ignatius of
Loyola, click here
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